Linux作为服务器具有优异的性能，使用Linux作为数据库服务器时就需要为虚拟机挂载额外的磁盘作为数据存储盘。这自然就涉及到Linux操作系统下的磁盘挂载与扩容。使用lvm格式磁盘能够方便地进行磁盘的动态扩容。

磁盘挂载

磁盘查看

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$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Disk model: Virtual disk    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: A7BED634-C5D6-455C-8BCC-3C86D6C0E98E

Device         Start       End  Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1       2048      4095     2048   1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2       4096  83890175 83886080  40G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3   83890176  88084479  4194304   2G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda4   88084480 121638911 33554432  16G Linux swap
/dev/sda5  121638912 209713151 88074240  42G Linux filesystem


Disk /dev/sdb: 200 GiB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Disk model: Virtual disk    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

使用fdisk命令查看到/dev/sda是系统盘，已经完成了格式化并使用。/dev/sdb是新增加的磁盘，并没有进行格式化投入使用。

磁盘格式化

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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.3).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS (MBR) disklabel with disk identifier 0x61faa1a8.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-419430399, default 2048): 
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-419430399, default 419430399): 

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 200 GiB.

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code or alias (type L to list all): L

00 Empty            27 Hidden NTFS Win  82 Linux swap / So  c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
01 FAT12            39 Plan 9           83 Linux            c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
02 XENIX root       3c PartitionMagic   84 OS/2 hidden or   c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
03 XENIX usr        40 Venix 80286      85 Linux extended   c7 Syrinx         
04 FAT16 <32M       41 PPC PReP Boot    86 NTFS volume set  da Non-FS data    
05 Extended         42 SFS              87 NTFS volume set  db CP/M / CTOS / .
06 FAT16            4d QNX4.x           88 Linux plaintext  de Dell Utility   
07 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT  4e QNX4.x 2nd part  8e Linux LVM        df BootIt         
08 AIX              4f QNX4.x 3rd part  93 Amoeba           e1 DOS access     
09 AIX bootable     50 OnTrack DM       94 Amoeba BBT       e3 DOS R/O        
0a OS/2 Boot Manag  51 OnTrack DM6 Aux  9f BSD/OS           e4 SpeedStor      
0b W95 FAT32        52 CP/M             a0 IBM Thinkpad hi  ea Linux extended 
0c W95 FAT32 (LBA)  53 OnTrack DM6 Aux  a5 FreeBSD          eb BeOS fs        
0e W95 FAT16 (LBA)  54 OnTrackDM6       a6 OpenBSD          ee GPT            
0f W95 Ext'd (LBA)  55 EZ-Drive         a7 NeXTSTEP         ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS             56 Golden Bow       a8 Darwin UFS       f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12     5c Priam Edisk      a9 NetBSD           f1 SpeedStor      
12 Compaq diagnost  61 SpeedStor        ab Darwin boot      f4 SpeedStor      
14 Hidden FAT16 <3  63 GNU HURD or Sys  af HFS / HFS+       f2 DOS secondary  
16 Hidden FAT16     64 Novell Netware   b7 BSDI fs          f8 EBBR protective
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF  65 Novell Netware   b8 BSDI swap        fb VMware VMFS    
18 AST SmartSleep   70 DiskSecure Mult  bb Boot Wizard hid  fc VMware VMKCORE 
1b Hidden W95 FAT3  75 PC/IX            bc Acronis FAT32 L  fd Linux raid auto
1c Hidden W95 FAT3  80 Old Minix        be Solaris boot     fe LANstep        
1e Hidden W95 FAT1  81 Minix / old Lin  bf Solaris          ff BBT            
24 NEC DOS        

Aliases:
   linux          - 83
   swap           - 82
   extended       - 05
   uefi           - EF
   raid           - FD
   lvm            - 8E
   linuxex        - 85
Hex code or alias (type L to list all): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
  1. fdisk /dev/sdb 确定对该磁盘进行操作
  2. 输入n表示新建磁盘分区
  3. 选择p表示主分区，e表示扩展分区
  4. 然后默认回车扩展至所有的磁盘空间
  5. 输入t表示更改磁盘分区格式类型
  6. 输入L表示查看所有支持的格式类型
  7. 此时最好选择8e，Linux LVM格式，这样方便后续动态扩容。如果不选择LVM就不太好对磁盘进行动态扩容。不过后续可以创建磁盘卷组和逻辑卷组添加新磁盘同样能达扩容效果
  8. 输入w进行保存
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$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdb: 200 GiB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Disk model: Virtual disk    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x61faa1a8

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1        2048 419430399 419428352  200G 8e Linux LVM

这时候在进行查看，就能看到/dev/sdb1设备

创建逻辑卷

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$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.

此时使用pvs和pvdisplay能够看到相关的信息

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$ sudo pvs
  PV         VG Fmt  Attr PSize    PFree   
  /dev/sdb1     lvm2 ---  <200.00g <200.00g
$ sodu pvdisplay
  "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<200.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               
  PV Size               <200.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               7eDKTm-12lF-Z39D-IXnd-mVQG-TzfO-zhgkTb

创建卷组

卷组中可以有多个逻辑卷，这样实现动态扩容就更加灵活。

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$ sudo vgcreate vgdata /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "vgdata" successfully created
$ sudo vgs
  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize    VFree   
  vgdata   1   0   0 wz--n- <200.00g <200.00g
$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vgdata
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  1
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                0
  Open LV               0
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <200.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              51199
  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
  Free  PE / Size       51199 / <200.00 GiB
  VG UUID               4s0XQX-Inp0-2Mk1-RjTz-gZU3-Cga7-28h43K

上述代码创建了一个vgdata的卷组，使用vgs和vgdisplay进行查看可以得到相关的信息.

创建逻辑卷

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$ sudo lvcreate -L 0.1G -n lvdata vgdata
  Rounding up size to full physical extent 104.00 MiB
  Logical volume "lvdata" created.

lvcreate创建一个逻辑卷，-L表示指定逻辑卷的大小，-n表示指定逻辑卷的名称，vgdata表示指定目标磁盘卷组。

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$ sudo lvs
  LV     VG     Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lvdata vgdata -wi-a----- 104.00m                                                    
$ sudo lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vgdata/lvdata
  LV Name                lvdata
  VG Name                vgdata
  LV UUID                7MDhXi-1wWk-3XrJ-2252-aplF-kZlk-di6fr6
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-ip37, 2026-01-06 15:41:19 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                104.00 MiB
  Current LE             26
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:0

逻辑卷扩容

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$ sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vgdata/lvdata
  Size of logical volume vgdata/lvdata changed from 104.00 MiB (26 extents) to <200.00 GiB (51199 extents).
  Logical volume vgdata/lvdata successfully resized.
$ sudo lvs
  LV     VG     Attr       LSize    Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lvdata vgdata -wi-a----- <200.00g                                                    
$ sudo lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vgdata/lvdata
  LV Name                lvdata
  VG Name                vgdata
  LV UUID                7MDhXi-1wWk-3XrJ-2252-aplF-kZlk-di6fr6
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-ip37, 2026-01-06 15:41:19 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                <200.00 GiB
  Current LE             51199
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:0

经过扩容之后可以看到逻辑卷尺寸大小已经发生了改变。

创建文件系统

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$ sudo mkfs.xfs /dev/vgdata/lvdata
meta-data=/dev/vgdata/lvdata     isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=13106944 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=1
         =                       reflink=1    bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=52427776, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=25599, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

特别注意：如果是安装MongoDB数据库格式化的时候需要加入 -m reflink=0参数，这样启动MongoDB的时候就不会提示使用xfs文件系统了。

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$ sudo mkfs.xfs -m reflink=0 /dev/vgdata/lvdata
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$ sudo lsblk
NAME              MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                 8:0    0  100G  0 disk 
├─sda1              8:1    0    1M  0 part 
├─sda2              8:2    0   40G  0 part /
├─sda3              8:3    0    2G  0 part /boot
├─sda4              8:4    0   16G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda5              8:5    0   42G  0 part /home
sdb                 8:16   0  200G  0 disk 
└─sdb1              8:17   0  200G  0 part 
  └─vgdata-lvdata 252:0    0  200G  0 lvm  
sr0                11:0    1  3.1G  0 rom  
$ sudo lsblk -f /dev/sdb
NAME              FSTYPE      FSVER    LABEL UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
sdb                                                                                                
└─sdb1            LVM2_member LVM2 001       7eDKTm-12lF-Z39D-IXnd-mVQG-TzfO-zhgkTb                
  └─vgdata-lvdata xfs                        f532573f-d07a-42da-848f-f32e50e7e246

使用lsblk可以对磁盘信息进行详细查看。

实际挂载

执行相关操作之后需要将磁盘进行实际挂载，挂载完成之后方可投入使用。

临时挂载

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$ sudo mkdir /data
# 创建目标挂载文件夹
$ sudo mount /dev/vgdata/lvdata /data
# 挂载到刚刚创建的文件夹下
$ sudo df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                      1.6G  1.3M  1.6G   1% /run
/dev/sda2                   40G  3.8G   34G  11% /
tmpfs                      7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
/dev/sda3                  2.0G  194M  1.6G  11% /boot
/dev/sda5                   42G  140M   39G   1% /home
tmpfs                      1.6G   12K  1.6G   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata  200G  3.9G  197G   2% /data

永久挂载

永久挂载就需要将信息写入到/etc/fstab中

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$ sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
# 首先进行备份，防止挂载出现错误导致无法启动后，方便进行恢复
$ sudo vim /etc/fstab
# 在最后一行加入磁盘挂载信息
/dev/vgdata/lvdata	/data	xfs	defaults	0	2
参数 名称 含义 常用值
第5列 dump 备份工具 dump 是否备份此文件系统 0=不备份，1=需要备份
第6列 fsck 系统启动时 fsck 检查磁盘的顺序 0=不检查，1=优先检查，2=次优检查

📝 详细解释

第5列：dump (备份标志)

  • 0：表示文件系统不需要被 dump 命令备份。
  • 1：表示文件系统需要被备份。

实际情况：dump 是一个比较老的备份工具，现在大多数系统和备份方案（如 rsync, BorgBackup, restic 等）都不再依赖这个标志。**所以这个值现在基本总是设为 0**。

第6列：fsck (文件系统检查顺序)

这个参数告诉系统启动时，fsck（文件系统一致性检查）工具的检查顺序：

  • 0：不检查。用于非物理磁盘文件系统，如 swap、proc、tmpfs 或网络文件系统（NFS）。
  • 1：最高优先级，最先检查。**通常只用于根文件系统 (/)**。
  • 2：次级优先级。用于所有其他需要检查的本地物理磁盘分区（如 /home, /boot, /data 等）。

⚠️ 重要建议：将 fsck 从 1 改为 2

编辑完成之后需要进行挂载验证，避免直接重启导致系统崩溃无法启动的情况

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$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo mount -a
$ sudo df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                      1.6G  1.3M  1.6G   1% /run
/dev/sda2                   40G  3.8G   34G  11% /
tmpfs                      7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
/dev/sda3                  2.0G  194M  1.6G  11% /boot
/dev/sda5                   42G  140M   39G   1% /home
tmpfs                      1.6G   12K  1.6G   1% /run/user/1000
/dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata  200G  3.9G  197G   2% /data

确定没有问题之后可以执行reboot，重启成功之后可以进行实际装载数据库进行使用了。

磁盘扩容

针对磁盘扩容，这与最开始的磁盘挂载是有相似之处的。磁盘扩容可以选择两个途径，其一是将原磁盘中的物理磁盘进行扩容后重新调整尺寸，进而调整至逻辑卷扩容。其二是新增一个磁盘，直接加入到逻辑卷中进行扩容。第二种方法是最安全的，毕竟这样不会破坏原始磁盘的数据，降低了数据丢失的风险。

整体来讲逻辑卷扩容完成之后要执行e2fsck -f “你的lv”，可以使用lvscan查看具体名字，然后resize2fs “你的lv”。对于xfs系统需要执行sudo xfs_growfs /dev/vgdata/lvdata。这样才能执行到位。

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$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 100 GiB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Disk model: Virtual disk    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: A7BED634-C5D6-455C-8BCC-3C86D6C0E98E

Device         Start       End  Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1       2048      4095     2048   1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2       4096  83890175 83886080  40G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3   83890176  88084479  4194304   2G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda4   88084480 121638911 33554432  16G Linux swap
/dev/sda5  121638912 209713151 88074240  42G Linux filesystem


Disk /dev/sdb: 200 GiB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Disk model: Virtual disk    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x61faa1a8

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1        2048 419430399 419428352  200G 8e Linux LVM


Disk /dev/sdc: 1000 GiB, 1073741824000 bytes, 2097152000 sectors
Disk model: Virtual disk    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata: 200 GiB, 214744170496 bytes, 419422208 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

/dev/sdc是新增加的磁盘，现在需要扩容到前边挂载的/data目录下

磁盘格式化

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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sdc

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.39.3).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS (MBR) disklabel with disk identifier 0x062ceef1.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): e
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-2097151999, default 2048): 
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-2097151999, default 2097151999): 

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Extended' and of size 1000 GiB.

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code or alias (type L to list all): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Extended' to 'Linux LVM'.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

创建磁盘卷

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$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sdc1
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.
root@ubuntu-ip42:/home/jack# pvdisplay
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1
  VG Name               vgdata
  PV Size               <200.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              51199
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          51199
  PV UUID               7eDKTm-12lF-Z39D-IXnd-mVQG-TzfO-zhgkTb
   
  "/dev/sdc1" is a new physical volume of "<1000.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sdc1
  VG Name               
  PV Size               <1000.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               rzZlLM-wY3i-C9MM-UAz4-cPnq-2heF-YZCAUb

找到磁盘卷组并扩展

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$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vgdata
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <200.00 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              51199
  Alloc PE / Size       51199 / <200.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               4s0XQX-Inp0-2Mk1-RjTz-gZU3-Cga7-28h43K
  
$ sudo vgextend vgdata /dev/sdc1
  Volume group "vgdata" successfully extended
$ sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vgdata
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               1.17 TiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              307198
  Alloc PE / Size       51199 / <200.00 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       255999 / <1000.00 GiB
  VG UUID               4s0XQX-Inp0-2Mk1-RjTz-gZU3-Cga7-28h43K

找到逻辑卷组并扩展

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$ sudo lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vgdata/lvdata
  LV Name                lvdata
  VG Name                vgdata
  LV UUID                7MDhXi-1wWk-3XrJ-2252-aplF-kZlk-di6fr6
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time ubuntu-ip37, 2026-01-06 15:41:19 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <200.00 GiB
  Current LE             51199
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           252:0
   
$ sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/vgdata/lvdata 
  Size of logical volume vgdata/lvdata changed from <200.00 GiB (51199 extents) to 1.17 TiB (307198 extents).
  Logical volume vgdata/lvdata successfully resized

扩展文件系统

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$ sudo xfs_growfs /dev/vgdata/lvdata 
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=13106944 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=1
         =                       reflink=1    bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=52427776, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=25599, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 52427776 to 314570752

不同的文件系统需要使用不同的命令进行扩展，resize2fs进行扩展extx文件系统。

验证效果

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$ sudo df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                      2.4G  1.3M  2.4G   1% /run
/dev/sda2                   40G  8.5G   29G  23% /
tmpfs                       12G  8.0K   12G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
/dev/mapper/vgdata-lvdata  1.2T   24G  1.2T   2% /data
/dev/sda3                  2.0G  194M  1.6G  11% /boot
/dev/sda5                   42G  273M   39G   1% /home
tmpfs                      2.4G   12K  2.4G   1% /run/user/1000
$ sudo lsblk
NAME              MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                 8:0    0  100G  0 disk 
├─sda1              8:1    0    1M  0 part 
├─sda2              8:2    0   40G  0 part /
├─sda3              8:3    0    2G  0 part /boot
├─sda4              8:4    0   16G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda5              8:5    0   42G  0 part /home
sdb                 8:16   0  200G  0 disk 
└─sdb1              8:17   0  200G  0 part 
  └─vgdata-lvdata 252:0    0  1.2T  0 lvm  /data
sdc                 8:32   0 1000G  0 disk 
└─sdc1              8:33   0 1000G  0 part 
  └─vgdata-lvdata 252:0    0  1.2T  0 lvm  /data
sr0                11:0    1  3.1G  0 rom

已经看到对应的/data目录由原来的200G扩展到了1.2T。